Thursday, December 27, 2007

Encoding of media files in Linux

mencoder
---------------
$mencoder -oac -ovc -o

audio-output-format option is given as

-oac copy no encoding, just streamcopy
-oac pcm encode to uncompressed PCM
-oac mp3lame encode to MP3 (using Lame)


video-output-format is given as

-ovc copy no encoding, just streamcopy
-ovc divx4 encode to DivX4/DivX5
-ovc rawrgb encode to uncompressed RGB24
-ovc lavc encode with a libavcodec codecs

To cut a movie file give the following command
$mencoder -ss -endpos -o -oac -ovc -o

here end-postion can be given as
-endpos 56 encode only 56 seconds
-endpos 01:10:00 encode only 1 hour 10 minutes
-endpos 100mb encode only 100 MBytes
for start-position
-ss 56 encode from 56 sec
other options are similar as above.

for more option type
$man mplayer

Get access of windows partitions in linux

As root, edit the file /etc/fstab e.g. let your windows C drive partition is /dev/hda1 and it is 'fat 32' file system. So to mount the C partition in /windows/C directory, in the /etc/fstab file, make an entry as
/dev/hda1 /windows/C vfat umask=0000 0 0
Note that umask=0000 will give write permissions to every user. To give write permission only to root, replace by
umask=0002

Sunday, December 23, 2007

Create ISO image in Linux

To make an ISO from your CD/DVD, place the media in your drive but do not mount it. If it automounts, unmount it.

$ dd if=/dev/dvd of=dvd.iso # for dvd
$ dd if=/dev/cdrom of=cd.iso # for cdrom
$ dd if=/dev/scd0 of=cd.iso # if cdrom is scsi

To make an ISO from files on your hard drive, create a directory which holds the files you want. Then use the mkisofs command.

$ mkisofs -o /tmp/cd.iso /tmp/directory/

This results in a file called cd.iso in folder /tmp which contains all the files and directories in /tmp/directory/.

Saturday, December 22, 2007

Display legal notice on startup

Wanna tell your friends about the do's and dont's in your computer when they login in your absence. Well you can do it pretty easily by displaying a legal notice at system start up.
REGEDIT
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\system]
"legalnoticecaption"="enter your notice caption"
"legalnoticetext"="enter your legal notice text":

win32.NetSky - I WORM

win32.NetSky is an email worm virus, the description of this i-worm is mentioned in my old blog, in this post
u can find the variations of this i-worm

Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.a to
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.z ,
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ab
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ac
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ad
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ae
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.af
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ag
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ah
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ai
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.aj
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ak
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.al
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.am
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.an
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ao
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ap
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.aq
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.ar
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.as
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.at
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.au
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.av
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.aw
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.gen
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.q.dam
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.dao
Email-Worm.Win32.NetSky.dam


Kaspersky inadvertently quarantines Windows Explorer

HOT News on Zdnet.com

Kaspersky inadvertently quarantines Windows Explorer

Windows Explorer, one of the most crucial components of Microsoft's operating system, was quarantined earlier this week after being falsely identified as malicious code by an antivirus company.

Sunday, December 2, 2007

How to get email headers

Hotmail

• Log into Hotmail.
• Click on "Options" tab on the top navigation bar.
• Click on the "Mail" link on the navigation bar on the left.
• Click on the "Mail Display Settings" link.
• Change the "Message Headers" option to "Full".
• Click the "OK" button.

Yahoo Mail

• Log into your Yahoo! Mail account.
• Click the "Options" link on the navigation bar.
• Click the "General Preferences" link.
• Go to the paragraph titled Messages and Locate the Show Headers heading and select "All."
• Click the "Save" button to put your new settings into effect.
Once this setting is saved, go back and open your email and you should view the headers.

AOL Mail

If the email is sent from anywhere OTHER then AOL, and you are receiving it in AOL, then open the email you want to trace, or have your client open the email, and look for the link Details. This link is usually just below the To:email in the email message. If the email is sent from an AOL user to another AOL user then our Reverse AOL Screenname search can get you the sender's information.

Gmail

1. Log into your Gmail Account
2. open the Email whose headers you want to view
3. Click on the more options link in the message next to the date of the email.
If the link says hide options then do not worry u have already
clicked on the more options link.
4. Now click the link called show original.
5. This will bring up a new window
with headers and the body of the message.

Thunderbird (Firefox - Mozilla)

To view email headers,
Go to "View"
Then go to Headers
and select "All" to view email headers.

XtraMail

• Log into XtraMail
• Click on "Options" in the Left-hand navigation bar.
• Click the "Display" button.
• Change the "Message Headers" option to "Full".
• Click the "OK" button.

Outlook Express 4, 5 and 6

Start by opening the message in its own window (or when viewing the message in the preview pane). Then:

With the keyboard:

1. CTRL-F3 (Message Source Window)
2. CTRL-A (select all)
3. CTRL-C (copy)
4. ALT-F4 (close)

With the mouse:

1. Click the "File" menu
2. Click "Properties"
3. Click the "Details" tab
4. Click "Message Source"
5. Highlight, copy and paste everything from this window (Ctrl-A, Ctrl-C)

With viruses, worms and trojans being spread via email, many users now work with the preview screen in Outlook Express turned off. Viewing the contents of email in the preview screen is no different than opening the message. If the email has malicious content, it may execute in the preview screen.

The following is instructions to obtain the full message source if you have the preview panel turned off:

Using the keyboard:

1. Highlight the message in the folder
2. Press alt & enter - this will open a message information window
3. Press Ctrl & Tab - this changes to the "Details" tab
4. Press Alt & m - the opens the message source
5. Press Ctrl & a - to select all the text
6. Press Ctrl & c - to copy the selected text to the clipboard
7. Press Alt & F4 - to close the message source window
8. Press the Esc key - to close the information window

Outlook 97

Microsoft Outlook 97 may require an update called the Internet Mail Enhancement Patch in order to display the email headers AT ALL.

Outlook 98, Outlook 2000, Outlook 2003

1. Open the message in a separate window (double click)
2. Under the View menu select Options
3. Copy the text in the Internet Headers window (unfortunately it doesn't include the message itself).
4. Paste
5. Close the options window

View headers in Outlook 2007

In Outlook 2007 you can view the headers without opening the message. Just right click on the email message in your Inbox and choose Message Options. This will show you the headers.

Or you can open the email message. You can open the email message by double clicking on it. Outlook 2007 has a new ribbon user interface. Look at the right of Options and you will see an arrow. Click on the arrow and in the bottom section there is the message options menu with internet headers. This will show you the email headers.

Outlook Express for Macintosh

Select the email. From the View menu, choose Source. A new window will appear containing the email with full headers. Press command + a, to select all, then command + c to copy.

Microsoft Exchange

1. To get the complete headers and message source using Microsoft Exchange Click the "File" menu
2. Click "Properties"
3. Click the "Details" tab
4. Click "Message Source"
5. Highlight, copy and paste everything from the "Message Source" window (Ctrl-A, Ctrl-C)


Microsoft Entourage (Office X for Mac)

To access the full message source with Microsoft Entourage:

* After clicking on the message, select "Source" from the View menu
* A new window will open showing the full message source with complete headers.
* Copy and paste

Mac OS X

To get the full message source:

1. Select a message
2. Select menu item Message, Show, Raw Source.
3. Click on the resulting text
4. Click Edit, Select All, then Edit, Copy
5. Paste

Netscape

Preferred method: Click on the "View" menu, then "Page Source," (ctrl-U in windows, meta-U in UNIX,?-U on the Mac) then copy the contents of the window (Ctrl-A, Ctrl-C windows).

Old versions: Click on the "View" menu, then "Headers," then "All." Note: This method will not work correctly with HTML.

Eudora

Note: Using the cut and paste to the web form method is the only option available to Eudora users. To display the full message source for cut and paste:

Eudora for the Mac:

1. Open the email and click the button on the upper left hand corner of the message. This shows the extended headers.
2. Select the whole message including headers and paste.

Eudora for the PC - there are 2 slightly different methods depending on whether the mail contains HTML or not.

In any case, to prepare for HTML email, you should turn off the use of Microsoft's HTML viewer. To do so, click Tools, then Options, then Viewing Mail. Uncheck the box labeled "Use Microsoft's viewer."

How to know if it's HTML mail: once you have opened the email, look near the bottom of the headers (see below for revealing headers) for a line like the following: Content-Type: text/html ... you can frequently spot HTML email because it has font effects, pictures, etc but this is not always true so you have to take a quick look at the headers.


Eudora for the PC - non-HTML mail:

1. Open the email by double clicking on the subject line. Click the button to reveal the headers.
2. Place your cursor anywhere in the body of the email and select the entire message (Edit/Select All or Ctrl-A)
3. Copy the entire email (right click and click copy OR Ctrl/C OR Edit/Copy)
4. Paste (right click/paste or Ctrl/V).

Eudora for the PC - HTML mail:

1. Open the email and click the button to reveal the headers.
2. Highlight the headers only. Copy and paste the headers.
3. Hit enter twice after the pasted headers to force a blank line after the headers.
4. Back in Eudora window, place your cursor anywhere in the body of the message and right click and click "view source". A new window will open.
5. In the new window, select all (as above) and copy the contents of the new window.
6. Paste


Pine

If the feature is enabled, you simply press "H" to toggle full headers. If the feature is not enabled, you must enable it first: From the main menu, press (S)etup, (C)onfig. Scroll down about 40 lines to the option labeled "enable-full-header-cmd." Press [ENTER]. Press (E)xit, (Y)es - to save. Then you can return to the message window and use "H" to display the headers.

Lotus Notes (v.4.x and v.5.x)

Open the email, click on "Actions" then on "Delivery Information."

Next, you have to pick out the internet-style mail header information from the window that appears when you select Delivery Information.

Lotus Notes v.4.x
Look for the first line that begins with "Received". There should be a blank line just above it. Then, scroll down to the next blank line. The stuff in-between the two blank lines are the headers you need.

Lotus Notes v.5.x
Look for the separator line that reads
-------- Additional Header ------.
Select everything from there down to the next separator line, usually
-------- Routing Information ------.
The stuff in between the two separator lines are the headers you need.

Lotus Notes v.5.x (easier method)

1. Open your inbox
2. Highlight the message that you wish to get header information for.
3. Choose File -> Export...
4. Type in a filename, leave the type as "Structured Text" and click Export
5. From the Dialog Box that comes up, choose "Selected Documents" and click OK
6. Now you can open that message you saved in WordPad and Cut and Paste it.

Pegasus Mail

In the New Mail or other folder window:

1. Right click the message, and select Message Properties.
2. In the right hand column uncheck the box beside Contains HTML data.
3. Click OK. That should allow you to see the message as a text message only.
4. Click Ctrl-H to bring up the full headers.

Another way:

1. Highlight the HTML in the new mail folder
2. Open a new email message
3. Drag the HTML onto the new message
4. In the dialog that appears select "Show All Headers"
5. Highlight the entire message, then copy to clipboard
6. Paste

Claris Emailer

Version 2.0 and higher:

Use the "Show Long Headers" option in the "Mail" menu while you have the message open.

Versions earlier than 2.0:

Click the blue triangle near the "from" information to show additional message information, then click the "Show Original Headers..." button to bring up the full header info.



kmail (KDE Desktop)

In the KDE Mail Client that comes with the KDE desktop for Linux, select Message, View Source. Copy and paste the text from the "Message as Plain Text" window.

GNU/Emacs integrated email

Press the keys 'W', then 'v' in the summary or mail buffer.

Another method of temporarily switching to ALL headers is by pressing "Ctrl-u g" on the article in the summary buffer.

Mail Warrior

To get full "message source"

1. When viewing the message, click File, then Save Message As.
2. A standard save window will appear.
3. Save the message as a .txt file (document.txt).
4. Open the file you created, select all (ctrl-A) and copy (ctrl-c).
5. And paste (ctrl-v).

These instructions written for v.3.56.

Juno Version 4+

On the drop down menu "Options", choose "Email Options...” (press ctrl-E) Under "Show Message Headers", select the "full" option. Click the OK button to save the setting.

Juno version 4+ can display MIME and HTML email, but does not provide a way of Viewing the HTML Source for the message within Juno.

To get the full source, including HTML codes:

1. In the Juno mail client, click "file" and then "Save Message as Text File...” (ctrl-T).
2. Give the file a name which you will remember (many people save temporary files to the desktop).
3. Double-click on the resulting file and then cut-and-paste the contents.

Mutt

To get mutt (the mail user agent) to forward the full headers (not display them for viewing), use the command "unset forward decode" in your rc file or directly in the command interface.

The Bat!

To get the full text of an HTML message from TheBat email software in preparation for pasting it:

- Message -> Save As -> Save as Type - I
- Select Unix Mailboxes[*.mbx]
- Open the file in your preferred editor, then simply cut and paste.

For The Bat! v1.53bis:

- Select the message in question
- Click on the "Messages" menu
- Select "View Source"
- Alternatively, you may push F9 instead of the last two steps.

Pronto mail (GTK/UNIX)

1. Click "Message", then "View Source"
2. Highlight the message source as normal with the mouse
3. Copy using Control + C
4. Paste

StarOffice

1. Right click on the container name in the explorer panel (either a top-level mail box or a specific mail folder).
2. Select the Properties item from the pop-up menu.
3. In the properties notebook, select the Headers tab.
4. Click the "All" button on the right.
5. Press "OK" and you're done, the complete header is available in the header panel and can be selected/pasted.

Novell GroupWise

1. Open the message
2. In the message window select: File > Attachments > View
3. Select the Mime.822 attachment

Blitzmail

With the message open, go to the Options menu and choose Verbose Header. This will put the full header inside the upper pane of the message's window.



Forté Agent

Forté Agent versions 1.5 to 1.8:

Press CTRL-R to display in RAW mode, then CTRL-A and CTRL-C

Don't forget to press CTRL-R again to display in normal mode after you do this

Ximian Evolution

http://www.Ximian.com/products/ximian_evolution/

Go to the "View" menu, select "Message Display" and click on "Show Full Headers".

Sylpheed

Sylpheed is an email client for Linux, BSD and Unix systems. Sylpheed offers three ways to view the full source code of messages:

* Select the email
* Right click and mouse-over "View"
* Select "Source" from the popup menu

or....

* Select the email
* Left click on the "View" menu
* Select "View Source"

or....

* Select the email
* Press Ctrl-U (default keymap setting


Web-Based Email Software

Hotmail

To see the full, untangled headers in Hotmail:

1. First, configure your options:
Click on "Options." In the "Additional Options" column, click on "Mail Display Options" and find the item "Message Headers." Choose "Advanced" and click the "OK" button.
2. Then, to report spam:
When viewing a message, use the "View E-mail Message Source" to display the message in raw mode before copying.

Yahoo Mail

Follow these steps:

First you must turn on "Full Headers". From your Yahoo! mail account, click on "Mail Preference". Scroll down the page to "Message Headers" and click on the "all" radio button. Save your preferences at the bottom of the page.

Next, view the message you want to report. If the message is in plain text, copying from this page and pasting it will work.

If the message to be reported is HTML, a two stepped process must be used:

1. View the message and copy the complete headers. Paste these then add a blank line.
2. Go back to the Yahoo! window and select to "Forward" the message as "inline text" (drop down menu). Scroll down the message to the start of the message body. (The first line of the HTML body will usually begin

Excite web-mail

To view the full header information with Excite Webmail:

* Sign in to your email account.
* Click on Preferences on the Email home page
* Click on Email Preferences
* Check the box to display headers
* Click on Save

You can then see the headers in all messages in your folders.

Netscape Webmail

While viewing the message, click on the yellow triangle to the right of the brief message headers. This will display the full headers along with the message body, which can be cut and pasted

To close the full headers and return to brief headers, click the yellow triangle again.

Blitzmail

After opening the message, click on the Verbose Header link at the top of the window.

Operamail

Choose Options and enable [x] Show Message Headers in Body of Message

Lycos Mail (mailcity.com)

When viewing an individual message, click on the tool bar menu item above the message "All Headers". Highlight and copy the complete message from the viewing window and paste it.

Onebox.com

Click on the subject of the email in your inbox or other folder. This displays the message.

At the top of the message you will see the following links in the message frame right above the "reply" buttons:
[folder name]: Prev | Next: Download
Select "Download" from the above.

A new browser window will spawn with both the headers and the message text. At this point, simply copy all the text and paste it.

Outlook Web Access

(as accessed through http://mymail.outlookmail.com/exchange/logon.asp)

Left click on the letter you want to open and click on properties

When that opens click on the details tab

Then on message source

This will open the email so the full headers will be available for viewing

Select and copy the text then paste it.

Saturday, December 1, 2007

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Alpha 1 released

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Alpha 1, codenamed Hardy Heron released. The final release of Ubuntu 8.04, which is scheduled for April 2008.The alpha includes Xorg 7.3, which delivers improved support for automatic graphics configuration. The alpha release also includes new packages merged in from Debian.

Images of Ubuntu8.04 LTS

PC (Intel x86) desktop CD
64-bit PC (AMD64) desktop CD

for more download visit http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/hardy/alpha-1/